{"id":6607,"date":"2021-02-16T13:49:27","date_gmt":"2021-02-16T08:19:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.innovationm.com\/blog\/?p=6607"},"modified":"2021-02-16T13:49:27","modified_gmt":"2021-02-16T08:19:27","slug":"nearby-connection-api","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.innovationm.com\/blog\/nearby-connection-api\/","title":{"rendered":"Nearby Connection API"},"content":{"rendered":"

Nearby connections<\/strong> is a peer-to-peer networking API that allows apps to easily connect, discover and exchange data with the nearby device in real-time, regardless of network connectivity. In other words, we can say that Nearby connections enable advertising, discovery and connection between nearby devices in a fully offline peer-to-peer manner. The connection between devices is high-bandwidth, low-latency and fully encrypted to enable fast, secure data transfers. Nearby connections API uses a combination of Bluetooth, BLE and wifi hotspots.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nearby Connection API implementations<\/b><\/h3>\n

We implement nearby connections API in two phases:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Pre-Connection<\/span><\/li>\n
  2. Post-Connection<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    In the <\/span>pre-connection<\/b>\u00a0phase, the Advertiser device advertises itself, while discovers devices search the nearby advertiser devices and send connection requests. <\/span>A connection request from a Discoverer to an Advertiser initiates a symmetric authentication flow that results in both sides independently accepting (or rejecting) the connection request.<\/span><\/p>\n

    After a connection request is accepted by both sides, the connection is considered to be established and the devices enter the <\/span>post-connection<\/b> phase, during which both sides can exchange data.<\/span><\/p>\n

    How to advertise the device?<\/b><\/h3>\n

    Advertisers begin by invoking <\/span>startAdvertising()<\/span>, passing in a <\/span>ConnectionLifecycleCallback<\/span> which will be notified whenever a Discoverer wants to connect via the <\/span>onConnectionInitiated()<\/span> callback.<\/span><\/p>\n

    How to discover devices?<\/b><\/h3>\n

    Discoverers begin by invoking <\/span>startDiscovery()<\/span>, passing in an <\/span>EndpointDiscoveryCallback<\/span> which will be notified whenever a nearby Advertiser is found via the <\/span>onEndpointFound()<\/span> callback.<\/span><\/p>\n

    Steps for implementing Nearby Connection API:<\/b><\/h3>\n

    There are following steps for implementing nearby connection API as follows:<\/span><\/p>\n

    1. Add dependency for nearby connections<\/strong><\/p>\n

    dependencies {\r\n\r\nimplementation 'com.google.android.gms:play-services-nearby:17.0.0'\r\n\r\n}<\/pre>\n
    2.<\/strong> Add permission in Manifest.xml<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n
    <!-- Required for Nearby Connections -->\r\n\r\n<uses-permission android:name=\"android.permission.BLUETOOTH\" \/>\r\n\r\n<uses-permission android:name=\"android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN\" \/>\r\n\r\n<uses-permission android:name=\"android.permission.ACCESS_WIFI_STATE\" \/>\r\n\r\n<uses-permission android:name=\"android.permission.CHANGE_WIFI_STATE\" \/>\r\n\r\n<uses-permission android:name=\"android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION\" \/>\r\n\r\n<uses-permission android:name=\"android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION\" \/>\r\n\r\n<!-- Optional: only required for FILE payloads -->\r\n\r\n<uses-permission android:name=\"android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE\"\/><\/pre>\n
    3. Advertise the advertiser devices<\/strong><\/p>\n
    Task<Void> startAdvertisingResultPendingResult =\r\n\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Nearby.getConnectionsClient(context)\r\n\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0.startAdvertising(userName, AppConstant.SERVICE_ID,\r\n\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0connectionLifeCycleCallback, new AdvertisingOptions.Builder().setStrategy(Strategy.P2P_STAR).build());\r\n\r\nstartAdvertisingResultPendingResult.addOnSuccessListener(new OnSuccessListener<Void>() {\r\n\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0@Override\r\n\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0public void onSuccess(Void aVoid) {\r\n\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0}\r\n\r\n});\r\n\r\nstartAdvertisingResultPendingResult.addOnFailureListener(new OnFailureListener() {\r\n\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0@Override\r\n\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0public void onFailure(@NonNull Exception e) {\r\n\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0}\r\n\r\n});<\/pre>\n
    4. Discover the advertiser devices<\/strong><\/p>\n
    Task<Void> statusPendingResult =\r\n\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Nearby.getConnectionsClient(context).\r\n\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0startDiscovery(AppConstant.SERVICE_ID,\u00a0\r\n\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0new endPointDiscoverCallback,\r\n\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0new DiscoveryOptions.Builder().setStrategy(Strategy.P2P_STAR).build());\r\n\r\nstatusPendingResult.addOnSuccessListener(new OnSuccessListener<Void>() {\r\n\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0@Override\r\n\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0public void onSuccess(Void aVoid) {\r\n\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0}\r\n\r\n});\r\n\r\nstatusPendingResult.addOnFailureListener(new OnFailureListener() {\r\n\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0@Override\r\n\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0public void onFailure(@NonNull Exception e) {\r\n\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0}\r\n\r\n});<\/pre>\n
    5. Create a connectionLifecycleCallback class<\/strong><\/p>\n
    private final ConnectionLifecycleCallback connectionLifecycleCallback =\r\n\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0new ConnectionLifecycleCallback () {\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\r\n\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0@Override\r\n\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0public void onConnectionInitiated(final String endpointId, final ConnectionInfo connectionInfo) {\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\r\n\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0}\r\n\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0@Override\r\n\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0public void onConnectionResult(String endpointId, ConnectionResolution connectionResolution) {\r\n\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0switch (connectionResolution.getStatus().getStatusCode()) {\r\n\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0case ConnectionsStatusCodes.STATUS_OK:\r\n\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\/\/ We're connected! Can now start sending and receiving data.\r\n\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0break;\r\n\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0case ConnectionsStatusCodes.STATUS_CONNECTION_REJECTED:\r\n\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\/\/ The connection was rejected by one or both sides.\r\n\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0break;\r\n\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0case ConnectionsStatusCodes.STATUS_ERROR:\r\n\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\/\/ The connection broke before it was able to be accepted.\r\n\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0break;\r\n\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0default:\r\n\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\/\/ Unknown status code\r\n\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0}\r\n\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0}\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\r\n\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0@Override\r\n\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0public void onDisconnected(String endPointId) {\r\n\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0}\r\n\r\n}<\/pre>\n
    6. Create a EndPointDiscoveryCallback<\/strong><\/p>\n
    private final EndpointDiscoveryCallbacks endPointDiscoverCallback =\u00a0\r\n\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0new EndpointDiscoveryCallback() {\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\r\n\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0@Override\r\n\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0public void onEndpointFound(final String endpointId, final DiscoveredEndpointInfo discoveredEndpointInfo) {\r\n\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\/\/ An endpoint was found!\r\n\r\nTask<Void> statusPendingResult =\r\n\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Nearby.getConnectionsClient(context).\r\n\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0requestConnection(userName, endpointId\r\n\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0, connectionLifecycleCallback);\r\n\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0}\r\n\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0@Override\r\n\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0public void onEndpointLost(String endpointId) {\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\r\n\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0}\r\n\r\n}<\/pre>\n
    7. Requesting to create a connection<\/strong><\/p>\n
    Task<Void> statusPendingResult =\r\n\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Nearby.getConnectionsClient(context).\r\n\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0requestConnection(userName, endpointId\r\n\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0, connectionLifecycleCallback);<\/pre>\n
    8. Accepting a connection request<\/strong><\/p>\n
    Nearby.getConnectionsClient(CachingManager.getAppContext())\r\n\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0.acceptConnection(endpointId, genericPayloadCallback)\r\n\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0.addOnSuccessListener(new OnSuccessListener<Void>() {\r\n\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0@Override\r\n\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0public void onSuccess(Void aVoid) {\r\n\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0}\r\n\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0})\r\n\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0.addOnFailureListener(new OnFailureListener() {\r\n\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0@Override\r\n\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0public void onFailure(@NonNull Exception e) {\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\r\n\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0}\r\n\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0});<\/pre>\n
    9. For rejecting the connection request<\/strong><\/p>\n
    Nearby.getConnectionsClient(context).rejectConnection(endpointId))<\/pre>\n
    10. For sending the data to the endpoint<\/strong><\/p>\n
    Nearby.getConnectionsClient(context)\r\n\r\n.sendPayload(endPoints,payload)\r\n\r\n.addOnSuccessListener(resultCallback)\r\n\r\n.addOnFailureListener(failureListener);<\/pre>\n
    11. For receiving the data<\/strong><\/p>\n
    protected class ReceiveBytesPayloadListener extends PayloadCallback {\r\n\r\n\u00a0\u00a0@Override\r\n\r\n\u00a0\u00a0public void onPayloadReceived(String endpointId, Payload payload) {\r\n\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\/\/ This always gets the full data of the payload. Will be null if it's not a BYTES\r\n\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\/\/ payload. You can check the payload type with payload.getType().\r\n\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0byte[] receivedBytes = payload.asBytes();\r\n\r\n\u00a0\u00a0}\r\n\r\n\u00a0\u00a0@Override\r\n\r\n\u00a0\u00a0public void onPayloadTransferUpdate(String endpointId, PayloadTransferUpdate update) {\r\n\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\/\/ Bytes payloads are sent as a single chunk, so you'll receive a SUCCESS update immediately\r\n\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\/\/ after the call to onPayloadReceived().\r\n\r\n\u00a0\u00a0}\r\n\r\n}<\/pre>\n
    12. To stop all endpoints<\/strong><\/p>\n
    Nearby.getConnectionsClient(context).stopAllEndpoints();<\/pre>\n
    13. To disconnect from the endpoint<\/strong><\/p>\n
    Nearby.getConnectionsClient(context).disconnectFromEndpoint(endpoint);<\/pre>\n
    14. For stop advertising<\/strong><\/p>\n
    Nearby.getConnectionsClient(context).stopAdvertising();<\/pre>\n
    15. To stop discovering<\/strong><\/p>\n
    Nearby.getConnectionsClient(context).stopDiscovery();<\/pre>\n
     <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
    Nearby connections is a peer-to-peer networking API that allows apps to easily connect, discover and exchange data with the nearby device in real-time, regardless of network connectivity. In other words, we can say that Nearby connections enable advertising, discovery and connection between nearby devices in a fully offline peer-to-peer manner. The connection between devices is […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6608,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[14,579],"class_list":["post-6607","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-android","tag-innovationm","tag-nearby-connection-api"],"yoast_head":"\nNearby Connection API - InnovationM - Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.innovationm.com\/blog\/nearby-connection-api\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Nearby Connection API - InnovationM - Blog\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Nearby connections is a peer-to-peer networking API that allows apps to easily connect, discover and exchange data with the nearby device in real-time, regardless of network connectivity. In other words, we can say that Nearby connections enable advertising, discovery and connection between nearby devices in a fully offline peer-to-peer manner. The connection between devices is […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.innovationm.com\/blog\/nearby-connection-api\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"InnovationM - Blog\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2021-02-16T08:19:27+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.innovationm.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Nearby-Connection-API.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"960\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"540\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"InnovationM Admin\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"InnovationM Admin\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"4 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.innovationm.com\\\/blog\\\/nearby-connection-api\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.innovationm.com\\\/blog\\\/nearby-connection-api\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"InnovationM Admin\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.innovationm.com\\\/blog\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/a831bf4602d69d1fa452e3de0c8862ed\"},\"headline\":\"Nearby Connection API\",\"datePublished\":\"2021-02-16T08:19:27+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.innovationm.com\\\/blog\\\/nearby-connection-api\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":310,\"commentCount\":0,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.innovationm.com\\\/blog\\\/nearby-connection-api\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.innovationm.com\\\/blog\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2021\\\/02\\\/Nearby-Connection-API.png\",\"keywords\":[\"InnovationM\",\"Nearby Connection API\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Android\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.innovationm.com\\\/blog\\\/nearby-connection-api\\\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.innovationm.com\\\/blog\\\/nearby-connection-api\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.innovationm.com\\\/blog\\\/nearby-connection-api\\\/\",\"name\":\"Nearby Connection API - 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