{"id":8220,"date":"2024-07-25T11:03:57","date_gmt":"2024-07-25T05:33:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/innovationm.co\/?p=8220"},"modified":"2024-07-25T11:03:57","modified_gmt":"2024-07-25T05:33:57","slug":"how-to-work-with-large-language-models","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.innovationm.com\/blog\/how-to-work-with-large-language-models\/","title":{"rendered":"How to work with Large Language Models?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Large Language Models (LLMs) are at the forefront of artificial intelligence, powering applications from chatbots and translators to content generators and personal assistants. These models, such as OpenAI&#8217;s GPT-4, have revolutionized how we interact with machines by understanding and generating human-like text.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b>How Large Language Models Work<\/b><b>:<\/b><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Large language models are functions that map text to text. Given an input string of text, a large language model predicts the text that should come next.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The magic of large language models is that by being trained to minimize this prediction error over vast quantities of text, the models end up learning concepts useful for these predictions.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Let\u2019s try to understand where LLMs fit in the world of Artificial Intelligence.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone  wp-image-8237\" src=\"https:\/\/innovationm.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Screenshot-28-300x139.png\" alt=\"LLM\" width=\"330\" height=\"153\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.innovationm.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Screenshot-28-300x139.png 300w, https:\/\/www.innovationm.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Screenshot-28-1024x475.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.innovationm.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Screenshot-28-768x357.png 768w, https:\/\/www.innovationm.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Screenshot-28-624x290.png 624w, https:\/\/www.innovationm.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Screenshot-28.png 1049w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 330px) 100vw, 330px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The field of AI is often visualized in layers:<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b>Artificial Intelligence (AI): <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Encompasses the creation of intelligent machines.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b>Machine Learning (ML): <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A subset of AI focused on recognizing patterns in data.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b>Deep Learning: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A branch of ML dealing with unstructured data (text, images) using artificial neural networks inspired by the human brain.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b>Large Language Models (LLMs): <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A subfield of Deep Learning that specifically handles text. This will be the focus of this article.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">But how exactly do they work? Let&#8217;s delve into the mechanisms that make LLMs so powerful.<\/span><\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><b> The Foundation: Neural Networks<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">At the core of any language model is a neural network. Neural networks are computational systems inspired by the human brain&#8217;s structure and function. They consist of layers of interconnected nodes (neurons) that process data through weighted connections. In the case of LLMs, the neural network architecture is typically called a Transformer.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone  wp-image-8230\" src=\"https:\/\/innovationm.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Screenshot-29-300x137.png\" alt=\"NEURAL NETWORK\" width=\"307\" height=\"140\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.innovationm.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Screenshot-29-300x137.png 300w, https:\/\/www.innovationm.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Screenshot-29-1024x469.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.innovationm.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Screenshot-29-768x352.png 768w, https:\/\/www.innovationm.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Screenshot-29-624x286.png 624w, https:\/\/www.innovationm.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Screenshot-29.png 1094w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 307px) 100vw, 307px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>The Transformer Architecture<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Introduced in the paper &#8220;Attention is All You Need&#8221; by Vaswani et al., the Transformer architecture has become the backbone of most state-of-the-art LLMs. It uses a mechanism called self-attention, which allows the model to weigh the importance of different words in a sentence relative to each other. This ability to focus on various parts of the input text gives Transformers a significant advantage in understanding the context and relationships within the text.<\/span><\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\" start=\"2\">\n<li><b> Training: Learning from Massive Datasets<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Training an LLM involves exposing it to vast amounts of text data, often encompassing diverse sources such as books, articles, websites, and more. This process allows the model to learn the statistical properties of language, such as grammar, vocabulary, and even some level of common sense reasoning.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone  wp-image-8229\" src=\"https:\/\/innovationm.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Screenshot-30-300x142.png\" alt=\"AI\" width=\"296\" height=\"140\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.innovationm.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Screenshot-30-300x142.png 300w, https:\/\/www.innovationm.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Screenshot-30-1024x486.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.innovationm.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Screenshot-30-768x364.png 768w, https:\/\/www.innovationm.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Screenshot-30-624x296.png 624w, https:\/\/www.innovationm.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Screenshot-30.png 1147w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 296px) 100vw, 296px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b>Pretraining<\/b><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">During pretraining, the model learns to predict the next word in a sentence given the previous words. This task, known as language modeling, helps the model understand language structure and usage. Pretraining is computationally intensive and requires substantial resources, often taking weeks or months on powerful hardware.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone  wp-image-8240\" src=\"https:\/\/innovationm.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/060ce277-459a-4124-8e0d-e26fbd19049d-300x103.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"315\" height=\"108\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.innovationm.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/060ce277-459a-4124-8e0d-e26fbd19049d-300x103.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.innovationm.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/060ce277-459a-4124-8e0d-e26fbd19049d-1024x353.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.innovationm.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/060ce277-459a-4124-8e0d-e26fbd19049d-768x265.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.innovationm.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/060ce277-459a-4124-8e0d-e26fbd19049d-624x215.jpg 624w, https:\/\/www.innovationm.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/060ce277-459a-4124-8e0d-e26fbd19049d.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 315px) 100vw, 315px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b>Fine-Tuning<\/b><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">After pretraining, the model undergoes fine-tuning on specific tasks or domains to improve its performance in those areas. For instance, a model might be fine-tuned for sentiment analysis, translation, or customer support chatbots. Fine-tuning involves training the model on a narrower dataset relevant to the task, and adjusting its parameters to optimize performance.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-8241 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/innovationm.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/0d3fb944-7004-45b7-9a3d-534c80598a2d-300x101.jpg\" alt=\"fine tuning\" width=\"300\" height=\"101\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.innovationm.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/0d3fb944-7004-45b7-9a3d-534c80598a2d-300x101.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.innovationm.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/0d3fb944-7004-45b7-9a3d-534c80598a2d.jpg 386w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\" start=\"3\">\n<li><b> Inference: Generating Text<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Once trained, the model can be used for inference, generating text based on a given input. The input could be a prompt, a question, or an incomplete sentence, and the model predicts the most likely continuation based on its training.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone  wp-image-8239\" src=\"https:\/\/innovationm.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/5bd97455-e0fd-4bca-8659-b8981612c884-300x184.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"323\" height=\"198\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.innovationm.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/5bd97455-e0fd-4bca-8659-b8981612c884-300x184.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.innovationm.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/5bd97455-e0fd-4bca-8659-b8981612c884-768x470.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.innovationm.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/5bd97455-e0fd-4bca-8659-b8981612c884-624x382.jpg 624w, https:\/\/www.innovationm.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/5bd97455-e0fd-4bca-8659-b8981612c884.jpg 828w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 323px) 100vw, 323px\" \/><\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\" start=\"4\">\n<li><b> Applications and Future Directions<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">LLMs have a wide range of applications:<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b>Chatbots and Virtual Assistants: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Providing human-like interactions and support.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-8228\" src=\"https:\/\/innovationm.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Screenshot-31-300x133.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"133\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.innovationm.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Screenshot-31-300x133.png 300w, https:\/\/www.innovationm.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Screenshot-31-1024x454.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.innovationm.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Screenshot-31-768x341.png 768w, https:\/\/www.innovationm.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Screenshot-31-624x277.png 624w, https:\/\/www.innovationm.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Screenshot-31.png 1352w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b>Content Creation: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Assisting in writing articles, stories, and marketing copy.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b>Language Translation: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Offering accurate and nuanced translations between languages.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b>Healthcare: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Supporting diagnostics, patient interactions, and medical research.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b>How to control a large language model?<\/b><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Of all the inputs to a large language model, by far the most influential is the text prompt.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Large language models can be prompted to produce output in a few ways:<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b>Instruction: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Tell the model what you want<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b>Completion: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Induce the model to complete the beginning of what you want<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b>Scenario: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Give the model a situation to play out<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b>Demonstration: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Show the model what you want, with either:<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0-A few examples in the prompt<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0-Many hundreds or thousands of examples in a fine-tuning training dataset<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">An example of each is shown below:<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Instruction prompts<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Write your instruction at the top of the prompt (or at the bottom, or both), and the model will do its best to follow the instruction and then stop. Instructions can be detailed, so don&#8217;t be afraid to write a paragraph explicitly detailing the output you want, just stay aware of how many tokens the model can process.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Example instruction prompt:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-8234\" src=\"https:\/\/innovationm.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Screenshot-19-300x69.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"69\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.innovationm.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Screenshot-19-300x69.png 300w, https:\/\/www.innovationm.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Screenshot-19.png 457w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Output:<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-8233\" src=\"https:\/\/innovationm.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Screenshot-20-300x69.png\" alt=\"AI Blog\" width=\"300\" height=\"69\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.innovationm.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Screenshot-20-300x69.png 300w, https:\/\/www.innovationm.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Screenshot-20.png 366w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><br \/>\n<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Completion prompt example<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Completion-style prompts take advantage of how large language models try to write text they think is mostly likely to come next. To steer the model, try beginning a pattern or sentence that will be completed by the output you want to see. Relative to direct instructions, this mode of steering large language models can take more care and experimentation. In addition, the models won&#8217;t necessarily know where to stop, so you will often need stop sequences or post-processing to cut off text generated beyond the desired output.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Example completion prompt:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-8238\" src=\"https:\/\/innovationm.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Screenshot-15-300x78.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"78\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.innovationm.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Screenshot-15-300x78.png 300w, https:\/\/www.innovationm.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Screenshot-15.png 453w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Output:<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-8233\" src=\"https:\/\/innovationm.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Screenshot-20-300x69.png\" alt=\"AI Blog\" width=\"300\" height=\"69\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.innovationm.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Screenshot-20-300x69.png 300w, https:\/\/www.innovationm.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Screenshot-20.png 366w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><br \/>\n<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Scenario prompt example<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Giving the model a scenario to follow or role to play out can be helpful for complex queries or when seeking imaginative responses. When using a hypothetical prompt, you set up a situation, problem, or story, and then ask the model to respond as if it were a character in that scenario or an expert on the topic.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Example scenario prompt:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-8236\" src=\"https:\/\/innovationm.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Screenshot-16-300x70.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"70\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.innovationm.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Screenshot-16-300x70.png 300w, https:\/\/www.innovationm.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Screenshot-16.png 551w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Output:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-8233\" src=\"https:\/\/innovationm.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Screenshot-20-300x69.png\" alt=\"AI Blog\" width=\"300\" height=\"69\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.innovationm.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Screenshot-20-300x69.png 300w, https:\/\/www.innovationm.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Screenshot-20.png 366w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Demonstration prompt example (few-shot learning)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Similar to completion-style prompts, demonstrations can show the model what you want it to do. This approach is sometimes called few-shot learning, as the model learns from a few examples provided in the prompt.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Example demonstration prompt:<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-8235\" src=\"https:\/\/innovationm.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Screenshot-17-300x69.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"69\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.innovationm.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Screenshot-17-300x69.png 300w, https:\/\/www.innovationm.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Screenshot-17-768x178.png 768w, https:\/\/www.innovationm.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Screenshot-17-624x144.png 624w, https:\/\/www.innovationm.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Screenshot-17.png 861w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><br \/>\n<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Output:<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-8233\" src=\"https:\/\/innovationm.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Screenshot-20-300x69.png\" alt=\"AI Blog\" width=\"300\" height=\"69\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.innovationm.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Screenshot-20-300x69.png 300w, https:\/\/www.innovationm.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Screenshot-20.png 366w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><br \/>\n<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Fine-tuned prompt example<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">With enough training examples, you can fine-tune a custom model. In this case, instructions become unnecessary, as the model can learn the task from the training data provided. However, it can be helpful to include separator sequences (e.g., -&gt; or ### or any string that doesn&#8217;t commonly appear in your inputs) to tell the model when the prompt has ended and the output should begin. Without separator sequences, there is a risk that the model continues elaborating on the input text rather than starting on the answer you want to see.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Example fine-tuned prompt (for a model that has been custom trained on similar prompt-completion pairs):<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-8232\" src=\"https:\/\/innovationm.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Screenshot-22-300x80.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"80\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.innovationm.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Screenshot-22-300x80.png 300w, https:\/\/www.innovationm.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Screenshot-22.png 369w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Output:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-8233\" src=\"https:\/\/innovationm.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Screenshot-20-300x69.png\" alt=\"AI Blog\" width=\"300\" height=\"69\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.innovationm.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Screenshot-20-300x69.png 300w, https:\/\/www.innovationm.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Screenshot-20.png 366w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Code Capabilities<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Large language models aren&#8217;t only great at text &#8211; they can be great at code too. OpenAI&#8217;s GPT-4o model is a prime example.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">GPT-4o,GPT-4 is more advanced than previous models like gpt-3.5-turbo-instruct. But, to get the best out of GPT-4 for coding tasks, it&#8217;s still important to give clear and specific instructions. As a result, designing good prompts can take more care.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>More prompt advice<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">For more prompt examples, visit OpenAI Examples.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In general, the input prompt is the best lever for improving model outputs. You can try tricks like:<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211;<strong>Be more specific:<\/strong> For example, if you want the output to be a comma-separated list, ask it to return a comma-separated list. If you want it to say &#8220;I don&#8217;t know&#8221; when it doesn&#8217;t know the answer, tell it &#8220;Say &#8216;I don&#8217;t know&#8217; if you do not know the answer.&#8221; The more specific your instructions, the better the model can respond.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>-Provide Context<\/strong>: Help the model understand the bigger picture of your request. This could be background information, examples\/demonstrations of what you want, or explaining the purpose of your task.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>-Ask the model to answer<\/strong> as if it was an expert: Explicitly asking the model to produce high-quality output or output as if it was written by an expert can induce the model to give higher quality answers that it thinks an expert would write. Phrases like &#8220;Explain in detail&#8221; or &#8220;Describe step-by-step&#8221; can be effective.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>-Prompt the model<\/strong> to write down the series of steps explaining its reasoning: If understanding the &#8216;why&#8217; behind an answer is important, prompt the model to include its reasoning. This can be done by simply adding a line like &#8220;Let&#8217;s think step by step&#8221; before each answer.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Large Language Models (LLMs) are at the forefront of artificial intelligence, powering applications from chatbots and translators to content generators and personal assistants. 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